1930-1940c **UNDERHILL'S RECREATION** (BLOWING ALLEYS) LAS VEGAS, NV. MATCHBOOK!

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Seller: empire_stamp_company ✉️ (4,216) 100%, Location: Fort Worth, Texas, US, Ships to: WORLDWIDE & many other countries, Item: 335124207410 1930-1940c **UNDERHILL'S RECREATION** (BLOWING ALLEYS) LAS VEGAS, NV. MATCHBOOK!.

1930s-1940s circa. ***SCARCE*** ~UNDERHILL'S RECREATION~ "BOWL FOR YOUR HEALTH" (12 NEW ALLEYS) ... 125 SOUTH 2ND STREET, LAS VEGAS, NEVADA ... {{COLOR GRAPHICS}} ADVERTISING MATCHBOOK ... NO MATCHES ... BY: THE DIAMOND MATCH COMPANY, CHICO, CALIFORNIA!

(Approximate dimensions: 2" x 1 1/2").

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A ten-pin bowler releases his bowling ball. Playing bowls at Tiverton West End Bowling Club, United Kingdom

Bowling  is a target sport  and recreational activity in which a player rolls a ball  toward pins  (in pin bowling) or another target (in target bowling). The term bowling  usually refers to pin bowling (most commonly ten-pin bowling ), though in the United Kingdom  and Commonwealth  countries, bowling could also refer to target bowling, such as lawn bowls .

In pin bowling, the goal is to knock over pins on a long playing surface known as a lane . Lanes have a wood or synthetic surface onto which protective lubricating oil is applied in different specified oil patterns that affect ball motion . A strike  is achieved when all the pins are knocked down on the first roll, and a spare is achieved if all the pins are knocked over on a second roll. Common types of pin bowling include ten-pin , candlepin , duckpin , nine-pin , and five-pin . The historical game skittles  is the forerunner of modern pin bowling.

In target bowling, the aim is usually to get the ball as close to a mark  as possible. The surface in target bowling may be grass, gravel, or synthetic.[1]  Lawn bowls , bocce , carpet bowls , pétanque , and boules  may have both indoor and outdoor varieties. Curling  is also related to bowls. 

Bowling is played by 120 million people in more than 90 countries (including 70 million people in the United States alone).[2]

Variations

Bowling games can be distinguished into two general classes, pin bowling and target bowling.

Pin bowling Candlepin  balls are the smallest, but candlepins are tallest and thinnest. Duckpins  are the shortest, and duckpin balls are barely larger than candlepin balls. Ten-pin  balls and pins are the heaviest.

Five main variations are found in North America , with ten-pin being the most common but others being practiced in the eastern U.S. and in parts of Canada :[3]

  • Ten-pin bowling : largest and heaviest pins, and bowled with a large ball with two or three finger holes.
  • Nine-pin bowling : uses a small ball without finger holes.
  • Candlepin bowling : tallest pins (at 40 cm or 16 in), thin with matching ends, bowled with the smallest and lightest (at 1.1 kg or 2.4 lb) handheld ball of any bowling sport, and the only form with no  fallen pins removed during a frame.
  • Duckpin bowling : short, squat, and bowled with a handheld ball.
  • Five-pin bowling : tall, between duckpins and candlepins in diameter with a rubber girdle, bowled with a handheld ball, mostly found in Canada.

Target bowling

Another form of bowling is usually played outdoors on a lawn. At outdoor bowling, the players throw a ball, which is sometimes eccentrically weighted, in an attempt to put it closest to a designated point or slot in the bowling arena. (Ex: Bocce Ball, an Italian lawn game)

History

Ancient history Archeologist's drawing of items found in 1895 in an ancient tomb in Naqada, Egypt, thought to resemble the more modern game of skittles . The archeologist conjectured as to the particular arrangement of the items found.[4]

The earliest known forms of bowling date back to ancient Egypt ,[5]  with wall drawings depicting bowling being found in a royal Egyptian tomb dated to 3200 BC and miniature pins and balls in an Egyptian child's grave about 3200 BC. Remnants of bowling balls were found among artifacts in ancient Egypt going back to the Egyptian protodynastic period  in 3200 BC.[6]  What is thought to be a child's game involving porphyry (stone) balls, a miniature trilithon , and nine breccia -veined alabaster  vase-shaped figures—thought to resemble the more modern game of skittles —was found in Naqada , Egypt, in 1895.[4]

Balls were made using the husks of grains, covered in a material such as leather, and bound with string. Other balls made of porcelain have also been found, indicating that these were rolled along the ground rather than thrown due to their size and weight.[6]  Some of these resemble the modern-day jack used in target bowl games. Bowling games of different forms are also noted by Herodotus  as an invention of the Lydians  in Asia Minor .[7]

About 2,000 years ago, in the Roman Empire , a similar game evolved between Roman legionaries entailing the tossing of stone objects as close as possible to other stone objects, which eventually evolved into Italian Bocce , or outdoor bowling.[8]

Around 400 AD, bowling began in Germany as a religious ritual to cleanse oneself from sin by rolling a rock into a club (kegel) representing the heathen, resulting in bowlers being called keglers.[9]

Post-classical history

In 1299, the oldest-surviving known bowling green for target style bowling was built: Master's Close (now the Old Bowling Green of the Southampton Bowling Club) in Southampton, England , which is still in use.[10]

In 1325, laws were passed in Berlin  and Cologne  that limited bets on lawn bowling to five shillings.[9]

In 1366, the first official mention of bowling in England  was made, when King Edward III banned it as a distraction to archery practice.[11]

In the 15th–17th centuries, lawn bowling spread from Germany into Austria, Switzerland, and the Low Countries, with playing surfaces made of cinders or baked clay.[9]

In 1455, lawn bowling lanes in London  were first roofed-over, turning bowling into an all-weather game.[9]  In Germany, they were called kegelbahns and were often attached to taverns and guest houses.

In 1463, a public feast was held in Frankfurt, Germany , with a venison dinner followed by lawn bowling.[9]

Modern history

In the 16th to 18th centuries Peasants bowling in front of a tavern in the 17th century The Bowling Game (Jan Steen , c. 1655). Many Dutch Golden Age paintings  depicted bowling.

English King Henry VIII  was an avid bowler. In 1511, he banned bowling for the lower classes and imposed a levy for private lanes to limit them to the wealthy.[12]  Another English law , passed in 1541 (repealed in 1845), prohibited workers from bowling except at Christmas , and then only in their master's home and in his presence. In 1530, he acquired Whitehall Palace  in central London as his new residence, having it extensively rebuilt complete with outdoor bowling lanes, indoor tennis court, jousting tiltyard, and cockfighting pit.

Protestant Reformation founder Martin Luther  set the number of pins (which varied from 3 to 17) at nine.[citation needed ] He had a bowling lane built next to his home for his children, sometimes rolling a ball himself.[9]

Often associated with gambling, bowling often had a negative image. This 1800 English mayor instructed "putting a stop to the growing evil of skittle and bowling alleys ... to take care that there are as few inducements as possible for the thoughtless husband to spend his substance to the detriment of his family."[13] To project a higher image, this 1838 New York newspaper ad for the Knickerbocker Hotel's three bowling alleys boasted "excellent accommodations" and appealed to "gentlemen to perform their ablutions ".[14]

On 19 July 1588, English Vice-Admiral Sir Francis Drake  allegedly was playing bowls at Plymouth Hoe when the arrival of the Spanish Armada  was announced; he replied, "We have time enough to finish the game and beat the Spaniards too."[15]

In 1609, Dutch East India Company  explorer Henry Hudson  discovered Hudson Bay , bringing Dutch colonization to New Amsterdam  (later New York); Hudson's men brought some form of lawn bowling with them.[9]

In 1617, English King James I  published Declaration of Sports , banning bowling on Sundays but permitting dancing and archery for those first attending an Anglican service, outraging Puritans; it was reissued in 1633 by his successor Charles I , then ordered publicly burned in 1643 by the Puritan Parliament.

In 1670, Dutchmen liked to bowl at the Old King's Arms Tavern near modern-day 2nd and Broadway in New York City.[16]

In 1733, Bowling Green  in New York City was built on the site of a Dutch cattle market and parade ground, becoming the city's oldest public park to survive to modern times.

In the 19th century Though the origin of ten-pin bowling is often attributed to the U.S., this circa-1810 painting from Ipswich, England shows outdoor bowling with ten pins.[17] This 1820 Indiana (U.S.) newspaper ad touts a "Ball and Ten Pin Alley" to attract customers to a bakery.[18] An 1838 Indiana newspaper describes how ten-pin bowling alleys were constructed to evade a Baltimore statute prohibiting nine-pin bowling.[19] A tongue-in-cheek illustration of a bowling alley, from the cover of Harpers Weekly  magazine (U.S., 1860) An 1890 Bowler's Guide describes how "innings" or "rolls" (now called frames ) involved up to three balls played in succession. Palace Bowling Alleys in the Music Hall in Pawtucket, Rhode Island, circa  1895.[20]  Note the different-sized bowling balls.

A circa 1810 painting of Ipswich , England shows a man bowling with a triangular formation of ten pins, before that variant of the sport is believed to have appeared in the United States.[17]  An 1828 auction notice , also in Ipswich, explicitly mentions "ten-pin and skittle grounds".[21]

In 1819, New York writer Washington Irving  made the first mention of ninepin bowling in American literature in his story "Rip Van Winkle ".

Newspaper articles and advertisements at least as early as 1820[18]  refer to "ten pin alleys", usually in the context of a side attraction to a main business or property[22] [23] [24] [25]  as distinguished from dedicated "bowling alley" establishments as presently understood.

By the late 1830s, New York's Knickerbocker Hotel housed a bowling alley  with three lanes.[14] [26]

In 1846, the oldest surviving bowling lanes in the United States  were built as part of Roseland Cottage , the summer estate of Henry Chandler Bowen (1831–1896) in Woodstock, Connecticut . The lanes, now part of Historic New England's Roseland Cottage House Museum contain Gothic Revival architectural elements in keeping with the style of the entire estate.[27]

In 1848, the Revolutions of 1848  resulted in accelerated German immigration to the U.S., reaching 5 million by 1900, bringing their love of beer and bowling with them; by the late 19th century they made New York City a center of bowling.

In 1848, the Scottish Bowling Association  for lawn bowling was founded in Scotland by 200 clubs; it was dissolved then refounded in 1892.

In 1864, Glasgow  cotton merchant William Wallace Mitchell (1803–1884) published Manual of Bowls Playing , which became a standard reference for lawn bowling in Scotland.[28]

In 1875, the National Bowling Association (NBA) was founded by 27 local clubs in New York City to standardize rules for ten-pin bowling, setting the ball size and the distance between the foul line and the pins, but failing to agree on other rules; it was superseded in 1895 by the American Bowling Congress .[29]

In 1880, Justin White of Worcester, Massachusetts , invented Candlepin Bowling .

In the 1880s, Brunswick Corporation  (founded 1845) of Chicago , Illinois, maker of billiard tables began making bowling balls, pins, and wooden lanes to sell to taverns installing bowling alleys.

On 9 September 1895, the modern standardized rules for ten-pin bowling were established in New York City  by the new American Bowling Congress (ABC) (later the United States Bowling Congress), who changed the scoring system from a maximum 200 points for 20 balls to a maximum 300 points for 12 balls, and set the maximum ball weight at 16 lb (7.3 kg), and pin distance at 12 in (30 cm). The first ABC champion (1906–1921) was Jimmy Smith (1885–1948).[30]  In 1927 Mrs. Floretta "Doty" McCutcheon  (1888–1967) defeated Smith in an exhibition match, founding a school that taught 500,000 women how to bowl.[31] [32] [33]  In 1993 women were allowed to join the ABC. In 2005 the ABC merged with the Women's International Bowling Congress (WIBC) et al. to become the United States Bowling Congress (USBC).

In the early 1890s, Duckpin bowling  was invented in Boston, Massachusetts , spreading to Baltimore, Maryland  about 1899.

In the 20th century

In 1903, the English Bowling Association  was founded by cricketer W. G. Grace . On 1 January 2008, it merged with the English Women's Bowling Association to become Bowls England.

An early bowling tournament (1905; American Bowling Congress; Milwaukee, Wisconsin, U.S.)

In 1903, D. Peifer of Chicago, Illinois, invented a handicap method for bowling.[34]

In 1905, Rubber Duckpin bowling  was invented by Willam Wuerthele of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania , catching on in Quebec, Canada .

The ABC initially used bowling balls made of Lignum vitae  hardwood from the Caribbean , which were eventually supplanted by the "Evertrue" rubber bowling ball, and the Brunswick  "Mineralite" rubber ball[35]  by 1905.[36]  Columbia Industries , founded in 1960, was the first manufacturer to successfully use polyester resin ("plastic") in bowling balls.[37]  In 1980, urethane-shell bowling balls were introduced by Ebonite.

Rules for target bowls evolved separately in each of the other countries that adopted the predominantly British game. In 1905, the International Bowling Board was formed;[38]  its constitution adopted the laws of the Scottish Bowling Association, with variations allowed at the individual country level.[39]

In September 1907, the Victorian Ladies' Bowling Association  was founded in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia , becoming the world's first women's lawn bowling association.

In 1908, the now-oldest surviving bowling alley  for the tenpin sport was opened in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, in the basement of the Holler House  tavern, containing the oldest sanctioned  lanes in the United States.

In 1909, the first ten-pin bowling alley in Europe was installed in Sweden, but the game failed to catch on in the rest of Europe until after World War II. Meanwhile, ten-pin bowling caught on in Great Britain after hundreds of bowling lanes were installed on U.S. military bases during World War II.[9]

In 1913, the monthly Bowlers Journal  was founded in Chicago, Illinois, continuing to publish to the present day.

In late 1916, the Women's International Bowling Congress  (originally the Woman's National Bowling Association) was founded in Saint Louis, Missouri , merging with the United States Bowling Congress in 2005.

Side-by-side duckpin  and ten-pin bowling lanes. The duckpin ball has no finger holes, whereas the ten-pin bowling balls of the day (photo circa 1919) had only a single finger hole in addition to a thumb hole.

In 1920–1933 Prohibition  in the U.S. caused bowling alleys to disassociate from saloons, turning bowling into a family game and encouraging women bowlers.[33]

On 2 October 1921, the annual Petersen Open Bowling Tournament (a.k.a. The Pete) was first held in Chicago, Illinois, becoming bowling's richest tournament of the day. In 1998, it was taken over by AMF.[40]

In 1926, the International Bowling Association (IBA) was formed by the United States, Sweden, Germany, Netherlands, and Finland, holding four world championships by 1936.[9]

On 21 March 1934, the National Bowling Writers Association was founded in Peoria, Illinois , by four bowling journalists; it changed its name in 1953 to the Bowling Writers Association of America.[41]

In August 1939, the National Negro Bowling Association was founded in Detroit , Michigan, dropping Negro from the title in 1944 and opening membership to all races. It reached 30,000 members in 2007.[42]

In 1942, the Bowling Proprietors Association of America (BPAA) held its first BPAA All-Star tournament.

In 1947, the Australian Women's Bowling Council  was founded. It held the first Australian women's national lawn bowling championship in Sydney  in 1949, which was won by Mrs. R. Cranley of Queensland .

On 18 April 1948, the Professional Women Bowling Writers (PWBW) was founded in Dallas, Texas , admitting men in 1975. On 1 January 2007, it merged with the Bowling Writers Association of America.[43]

In 1950, following extensive lobbying by civil rights groups in the wake of the 1947 integration of Major League Baseball , the American Bowling Congress opened its membership to African Americans and other minorities.[44]  The WIBC followed suit the following year.[42]

About 1950, the Golden Age of Ten-Pin Bowling began, in which professional bowlers made salaries rivaling those of baseball, football, and hockey players; this ended in the late 1970s.

In 1951, the first ABC Masters  tournament was held, becoming one of the four majors by 2000.

In 1952, the Fédération Internationale des Quilleurs (FIQ)  was founded in Hamburg, Germany , to coordinate international amateur competition in nine-pin and ten-pin bowling. In 1954, the first FIQ World Bowling Championships were held in Helsinki, Finland . In 1979, the International Olympic Committee  recognized it as the official world governing body for bowling. Its name changed to World Bowling in 2014 and International Bowling Federation  in 2020.

In 1952, American Machine and Foundry  (AMF) of Brooklyn, New York , began marketing automatic Pinsetter  machines.[45]  This eliminated the need for pinboys[45]  and caused bowling to rocket in popularity, making the 1950s the Decade of the Bowler.

In 1954, Steve Nagy  (1913–1966) became the first person to bowl a perfect 300 game on TV on NBC-TV's "Championship Bowling".[46] [47]  The PBA later named its sportsmanship award after him.

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  • Condition: Crisp and clear print. Scuff marks and stains. No striker. No matches. Please refer to scans for item condition.
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